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Feline coronavirus and feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) – Russian roulette for your pet

Utilising Machine Learning on clinical datasets could help to crack the enigma of feline infectious peritonitis diagnosis.

Personalized medicine in oncology: Small molecule inhibitors, biologics and immunotherapies

Priya Hays, PhD, CEO of Hays Documentation Specialists, discusses innovations and advancements in the development and evaluation of personalized cancer therapies.
Concept. 3D Render

Stem cell exhaustion and its role in healthy aging

Scientist Sarallah Rezazadeh from the Icahn School of Medicine explores the molecular mechanisms behind adult stem cells as we age.
Figure 1. Landmarks of the peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation (PICC). LC = lamina cribrosa. BM = Bruch’s membrane (dashed red arrow). SF = scleral flange, the sclera between the dura and the pia mater. D = dura mater. PICC (red star) is in front of the subarachnoid space (yellow star). It is a suprachoroidal detachment. It is suggested to be promoted by a direct traction force (blue arrow) of the dura mater during eye movements. A tangential component of this traction force squeezes the choroid at the end of the posterior outpouching (red arrowheads). The device used is the Spectral Domain OCT Spectralis® HRA-OCT, model S3300 (Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg Germany). Note: Reprinted from Peripapillary Intrachoroidal Cavitation. Adèle Ehongo et al. ‘J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 4712’ Originally published by and used with permission from MDPI.

Understanding the link between PICC and myopic complications

Dr Adèle Ehongo discusses the pathogenesis of peripapillary intra-choroidal cavitation and its implications for myopic complications.
Smoke Structure indoors

Prenatal cannabis exposure and its lasting impact on memory

Professors Miranda Reed from Auburn University and Vishnu Suppiramaniam from Kennesaw State University have studied how prenatal cannabis exposure affects brain development and cognitive functions, including memory.
Figure: Top left & right: Depiction of an epigenetic Waddington landscape with various cell types illustrating the hierarchical process of differentiation (left) and how this process is altered in cancer (right). Top middle: diagram to illustrate how the normal multipotent cell suppresses tissue-specific transcription factors via an easily reversible epigenetic modification called H3K27me3. These H3K27me3 marks are removed once a cell differentiates into one that carries out a specific function in the tissue/organ (‘differentiated cells’). In cancer, the suppression by H3K27me3 is replaced by promoter DNA methylation, which is stable and leads to irreversible and increased suppression of tissue-specific transcription factors. CancerStemID can estimate the transcription factor inactivation load (TFIL) for any given cell. Bottom left: Illustration of how TFIL could identify the cells that are more stem-like and which drive cancer progression. Bottom middle: Heatmap of inactivation events of esophageal specific transcription factors in single cells from a precursor cancer lesion (low and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia-LGIN/HGIN) in the human esophagus, with cells sorted by the TFIL. Bottom right: Violin plots displaying the significant association between TFIL and dedifferentiation, and between TFIL and a cancer risk score computed as relative similarity between a precancerous cell and those found in invasive cancer.

Predicting cancer risk with computational biology

Andrew Teschendorff, Professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is developing computational systems-biological tools to identify cells at risk of turning cancerous.
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The neuroscience of metabolism

Given that the brain can detect and respond to changing levels of body fat and blood sugar, Michael W. Schwartz, MD from the University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, explains how the brain can be targeted to treat obesity and diabetes.
Macro shot of Colorful fluid acrylic paint

The microbiome and aging: Unlocking new frontiers in healthy longevity

Research conducted by the USF Microbiomes Institute and the MiaGB Consortium is uncovering the significant link between microbial communities and host biology. This understanding could lead to new therapies for age-related conditions. Shalini Jain, Christian Brechot, and Hariom Yadav provide further insights.
Closeup shot of an unrecognizable pregnant woman holding an ultrasound scan

Rethinking the reproductive clock: Can NAD+ preserve fertility?

Recent research indicates that the compound NAD+ offers a promising solution to support fertility and reproductive longevity.
Figure 1. Systemic immune responses elicited by oral dmLT-saponin combinations compared to injected vaccines (A) Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) image of the dmLT and saponin formulation demonstrating the formation of acid-stable micelle particles upon the addition of saponin to dmLT. (B) Preclinical evaluation of systemic serum IgG and IgA antibody responses following prime/boost vaccination. Antibody levels against the microbial protein antigen included in the vaccination were assessed two weeks post-final vaccination in immunized mice. Groups were stratified by vaccination route (intramuscular [IM] or sublingual [SL]) and adjuvant formulation (dmLT [D] and/or saponin [S]). Comparisons with unvaccinated controls (white bars) are shown. Statistical significance between groups is indicated (*P < 0.05), with the SL D+S group achieving the best IgG and IgA responses to vaccine antigen.

New strategies for an old problem – Oral vaccines research

Despite their advantages, oral vaccines encounter several challenges. Professor Elizabeth Norton from Tulane University discusses how her team is addressing these issues and their research on developing and testing dmLT and saponin combination adjuvants.

Teen relevant and open access health information for building vaccine confidence

With the abundance of health information about vaccines online, there is a need for an open educational resource (OER) that empowers youth to understand the importance of vaccines and make informed medical choices.
Abstract polygonal brain with connected dots and lines. Artificial intelligence 3d illustration

Computational psychiatry and the opioid crisis: A deep dive

In this interview, we speak with Dr. Bo Cao, a leading expert in computational psychiatry at the University of Alberta, Canada. Dr. Cao discusses how advanced data analysis and machine learning are transforming our approach to the opioid crisis and mental health care, offering new hope in addressing one of North America’s most pressing public health challenges.
FIGURE 1 shows the basic steps required to obtain genetic phase or haplotyping for the HLA system in a potential bone marrow transplant recipient without resorting to family studies. Studies to date have shown superior outcomes in haplotype-matched recipient/donor pairs compared to those matched for individual alleles at multiple HLA loci. (Kitcharoen, Petersdorf, Maskalana)

Single chromosome sequencing to obtain genetic phase (haplotyping)

Brian Tait, Chief Scientific Officer at Haplomic Technologies Pty Ltd, examines single chromosome sequencing to obtain genetic phase (haplotyping).
A new Mother sits in her baby's nursery with the infant in her arms and held to her chest, as she nurses him. She is dressed casually in a yellow t-shirt and looking down at the baby with a smile.

The hidden dangers of breastfeeding misconceptions: A deep dive

In the exclusive interview, Dr. Christie del Castillo-Hegyi, co-founder of the Fed is Best Foundation, sheds light on breastfeeding misconceptions and their devastating impact.
Female Scientist Working in The Lab, Using Microscope

The European Cancer Pulse: From data intelligence to policy action

Norbert Couespel 1 and Mark Lawler 1, 2 highlight the European Cancer Pulse, a critical tool in tracking cancer inequalities and influencing cancer policy in Europe.
Figure 1. Comparison of prediction models in A) two-dimensional (2D) and B) three-dimensional (3D) analyses. The 2D model demonstrates a poor-fitting linear relationship constrained by limited variables. In contrast, the 3D model incorporates an additional dimension, providing a better fit and improved predictive accuracy. This highlights how multi-dimensional analysis, such as those enabled by machine learning, can uncover more complex relationships within heterogeneous clinical and biological data.

Predicting cochlear implant performance: Moving beyond single biomarkers and leveraging artificial intelligence

Matthew Shew, Amit Walia, and Craig A. Buchman highlight that the significant variability in speech perception among cochlear implant users can be addressed by using a multi- faceted approach that incorporates emerging technologies like machine learning and artificial intelligence to improve outcome prediction models.
Vertigo illness concept. Man hands on his head felling headache dizzy sense of spinning dizziness,a problem with the inner ear, brain, or sensory nerve pathway.

The future of AVS, dizziness, and vertigo in emergency departments Part V: Rise of...

In the final article of this five-part series, Dr Millie Nakatsuka discusses emerging technologies relevant to acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) in the emergency healthcare setting.
Neuroengineering with engineered endosymbionts: Schematic of plan to use engineered endosymbionts for guided induction of dopaminergic neurons from astrocytes or neural stem cells in a Parkinson’s disease mouse model—external signal for control could be chemical or magnetothermal.

Neuroengineering with engineered endosymbionts

Christopher H. Contag and Ahmed A. Zarea from Michigan State University’s Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering explore therapeutic approaches to neurodegenerative diseases using a novel strategy based on engineered endosymbionts systems that could revolutionize patient care.
Close-up of a stethoscope on a desk. Shallow depth of field, space for copy. Toned image.

CRISPR/ Diagnostics: A portable lab for everyone

Professor Kevin J. Zwezdaryk and Chandler H. Monk discuss CRISPR and diagnostics, focusing on the development of a portable lab accessible to everyone.
smiling mother hugging grown son in military uniform at home

How new programs help veterans reconnect after service

Dr William T. Howe from Texas Tech University outlines recent developments in reintegration and communication among United States military veterans.
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