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Figure 1: Immunomodulatory therapies are effective during the relapsing-remitting phase of MS, when immune cells are found in active lesions, but fail to ameliorate progressive decline and irreversible clinical disability. Increased axonal injury correlates with lack of immune cell infiltration but sustained activation of resident CNS glial cells in the progressive phase. These pathological findings are consistent with MRI imaging studies demonstrating virtually no new lesions occurring during progressive MS. Additionally, at the time of MS diagnosis there is evidence of prior lesion activity by MRI imaging supporting that the future development of neuroprotective strategies should be administered in combination with immunomodulatory therapies.

Targeting the central nervous system: The future of therapeutic strategies for MS

Tara M. DeSilva from the Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, looks at the future of therapeutic strategies for MS, focusing on targeting the central nervous system.
Green forest aerial view. Drone photography. Summer sky. Sustainability. Nature conservation. Morning

Decarbonising the world economy with synthetic biology

Macquarie University Distinguished Professor Ian Paulsen, discusses how synthetic biology can be used to decarbonise the global economy.
Girl Undergoing Eye Examination

Sight loss research: Looking forward to an equitable future

Keith Valentine, Chief Executive of Fight for Sight and Vision Foundation, shares how these newly merged organisations are driving efforts in sight loss research to improve patient care.
Inflammation concept, inflamed human tissues 3d rendering.

CB2R agonists in the clinics: A treasure chest for treating inflammatory diseases

Researchers give an update on clinical trials with CB2R agonists and their potential for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Development of a new gene therapy drug as a treatment for hypophosphatasia

The current primary treatment for hypophosphatasia is enzyme replacement therapy; however the development of a new gene therapy drug, ARU-2801, may change the landscape forever.
Sitting on their sofa at home, the senior adult couple smiles and laughs at a joke.

The next frontier in anti-cancer drugs

Dr Anthony J. Berdis, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center discusses the future of cancer treatments and anti-cancer drugs.
Close-up medical syringe with a vaccine, BoNT-A injection

Potential implications of cosmetic BoNT-A use on future treatment options for neuromuscular disorders and...

Given the rise in cosmetic procedures involving BoNT-A, cosmetic physician Dr Mary Dingley discusses the therapeutic implications of antibody-induced resistance on future treatment of various conditions, including post-stroke spacticity and pain disorders.
DNA sequencing gel run science and data genomic genetic analysis background abstract pattern.

AARS urzymes: Experimental biochemistry to map genetic coding

Dr Charlie Carter from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill explores how advances in enzymology and phylogenetics enable biochemical measurements that could map the ancestral development of genetic coding.
Petri dish with close up colourful detailed bubbles on a white background. Marco shot with a white backlight.

Drug repositioning without the gene expression of disease cells treated with drugs

Y-h. Taguchi, Professor at the Department of Physics, Chuo University in Japan, provides comments on drug repositioning without the gene expression of disease cells treated with various drugs.
Photomicrograph of Metastatic adenocarcinoma of lung. Pleural fluid FNAC. 200X

Photodynamic Therapy: Killing cancer gently with visible light

Photodynamic therapy, using visible light with lower energy, causes fewer side effects when treating cancer, find Drs. Mary Potasek, Evgueni Parilov, and Karl Beeson, Co-founders of Simphotek, Inc.
Laboratory test tube glassware with dropper biotechnology and medical scientific research

The emergence of precision medicine for oncology

Dr Priya Hays, PhD, considers how the rapid development of precision medicine for oncology has impacted diagnosis, treatment, and clinical outcomes in cancer care.
Carbon nano-tubes are twisted to form a yard (bar: 10um)

Recording and decoding neural signals from the vagus nerve

Dominique M Durand, distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Ohio, USA, discusses the study of neural signals from the vagus nerve.
Brain activity,Human brain damage,Neural network,Artificial intelligence and idea concept

Progress in development of disease-modifying treatments in Parkinson’s Disease

Henri Huttunen, Chief Scientific Officer, Herantis Pharma Plc, charts progress in the development of disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson’s disease.
image of a gorilla hand showing the function of fingerprints

The function of fingerprints: How can we grip?

Professor Gun-Sik Park, in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Seoul National University explores the function of fingerprints from a lens of understanding the mechanism of our human ability to grip.
DNA sequencing gel run science and data genomic genetic analysis background abstract pattern.

The link between gene expression and machine learning

Professor Y-h. Taguchi uses tensor decomposition to identify genes associated with altered gene expression caused by drug treatment.
DNA helix colorful genes chromosomes DNA sequence, DNA structure with glow. Science concept background 3d rendering

Genetic coding: Roots of genetic readout in nucleic acid structural duality

Charles W. Carter, Jr, from the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill explores the roots of genetic readout in the inherent structural duality of DNA and how genetic coding expanded its potential, enabling life to emerge.

PopART: Universal testing and treatment to stop HIV spread

Here, Professor of Epidemiology & International Health Richard Hayes explores and details the PopART study and other trials of Universal Testing and Treatment, a promising strategy to reduce HIV spread.
Kernel Tensor Decomposition

Kernel Tensor Decomposition can improve the drug discovery process

Kernel tensor decomposition and its use in drug discovery for SARS-CoV-2 was vital, however, due to its general method, it has the potential to be used for a wide range of future problems.
heart failure symptom medical heart model showing cardiovascular risk of stroke blood clot with cardiometabolic disease

The haplogroup gap: The ticking time bomb of cardiometabolic disease in developing nations

Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) refers to a cluster of inter-related factors, including obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and elevated cholesterol (1).
cows

Global food security – Part 4; Enhancing a struggling food system

Professor Curtis R Youngs, the M.E. Ensminger Endowed Chair of International Animal Agriculture at Iowa State University, analyses the flaws of the food system in his fourth part analysis of global food security.

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