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We can see that things need to change. Using fossil fuels for energy is not a viable long-term solution for future societies. Oil and gas resources are limited, and emissions continue to alter the global climate, making life on Earth increasingly uncomfortable. Efforts have been made to guide societies towards alternative pathways for harnessing energy from diverse sources and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Some initiatives appear to be quite effective. For instance, steelmakers are progressing in their transition from fossil fuels to hydrogen as their energy source. This switch could result in significant emission reductions, provided the hydrogen is produced using electricity generated from renewable sources. Furthermore, numerous countries have expressed their commitment to achieving a zero-emission industry and society. The EU has set forth related goals to meet specific emission targets over the coming years and decades.

Prof Dr-Ing. Jörg Volpp, Associate Professor from University West, Trollhättan, Sweden, states that understanding metal surface tension at high temperatures will increase process understanding to benefit European Union metal processing and manufacturing industries.

University West (Högskolan Väst) aims to contribute to innovation, social development, and a sustainable world through its education and research, particularly in Additive Manufacturing/