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Figure. G-quadruplexes cycle between a four-stranded fold and the Watson and Crick B-DNA conformation. Nature uses many different tissue-specific proteins to drive the cycle. Therapeutic approaches to targeting G-quadruplexes include drugs, such as PROTACS that send them to garbage, small molecules that either promote or disrupt their formation, or small RNAs that target the DNA or RNAs sequences that form them.

Targeting the most complex flipon of them all in the fight against cancers

In this article, Alan Herbert, the Founder, and President of InsideOutBio, guides us through targeting the most complex flipon of them all in the fight against cancers.
Figure 1: Three different non-genetically encoded scaffolds regulate cellular responses. The interactions between them are normally kept in check to ensure that cells remain healthy and functional, with arrows indicating positive interactions and dotted lines with a bar at one end representing inhibitory events. The Z-RNAs expressed from the genome will cause inflammatory cell death when interferon induces high levels of ZBP1 (as indicated by the scarlet shading). That response eliminates virally infected cells, other aged cells that no longer function normally, and those inflamed cells that support the growth of malignancies.

Cellular scaffolding: Crowdsourcing cellular responses in health and disease

In this article, Dr Alan Herbert discusses how different types of cellular scaffolds interact and impact the risk of diseases, citing the example of Z-RNAs pushing cells to inflammatory states in tumors and autoimmune conditions, setting the stage for new therapeutics.

Flipons: The discovery of Z-DNA and soft-wired genomes

Alan Herbert, Founder and President of InsideOutBio, discusses alternative DNA conformations and understanding of their biological functions.
InsideOutBio

InsideOutBio.com: New pathways to overcome tumor-induced suppression

InsideOutBio is focused on the immunotherapy of cancers, exploiting newly discovered pathways to overcome tumor-induced suppression of host immune responses.
Alternative flipon conformations compared to Watson and Crick DNA are displayed in the left panel. Flipons offer a new way to program the genome

RNA and DNA flipons in health and disease

Flipons are the next step in DNA research. What they are, their role in DNA and RNA coding, their impact on medical science, and their relation to the immune system are discussed here.

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