U.S. quantum information science research initiatives

July 21, 2023

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Open Access Government lifts the lid on the work of one of America’s oldest physical science laboratories, focussing on their quantum information science research work

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), within the U.S. Department of Commerce, began its life in 1901. “From the smart electric power grid and electronic health records to atomic clocks, advanced nanomaterials and computer chips”, many services and products depend on the standards, measurement and technology NIST provides.

Did you know that today, NIST measurements are helpful for the smallest of technologies to the most enormous and most complicated human-made creations – from tiny nanoscale devices to global communication networks and earthquake-resistant skyscrapers?

The mission of NIST is to advance measurement science, standards, and technology in ways that boost economic security and improve quality of life to support American industrial competitiveness and innovation. NIST seeks to be a global leader in creating robust measurement solutions and advancing just standards. Their endeavours promote industrial competitiveness, innovation, and the quality of life. (1)

This editorial will focus on NIST’s quantum information science initiatives and news before reminding us of where this fits into the more expansive view.

Quantum information science initiatives

The Quantum Communication and Networks Project is a NIST initiative to develop quantum devices for quantum communications and networking use. They aim to bridge the theoretical foundations of information theory and quantum physics with their practical applications in information technology. The Quantum Communication and Networks Project do research and development on quantum repeaters and related measurement technologies. Their study aims to advance American innovation and industrial competitiveness and enhance national security. (2)

Similar to how computers, electronics, and lasers revolutionised technology in the 20th century, quantum science and engineering has the potential to do the same for 21st century technology. As such, NIST’s Quantum Information Program aims to understand how quantum-based technology can revolutionise computing and communications and develop the measurement and standards infrastructure required to realise this potential fully. (3)

Quantum information science news

We heard Ana Maria Rey, Theoretical Physicist and Fellow at NIST and JILA of the U.S. Department of Commerce in May 2023, was elected to the National Academy of Sciences, among the highest professional distinctions a scientist can receive. The research group Rey heads up and develops fresh ways to control quantum systems, which paves the way for new applications in measurement, quantum simulation and quantum. In particular, Rey’s research played a part in creating the most precise atomic clock ever worked on.

Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology and NIST Director Laurie E. Locascio provides her comments on this remarkable achievement in the field and the impact this will have on the researchers of the future. “We are so proud of the incredible work Ana Maria Rey does on behalf of the nation. Her research is helping us to understand how the world works at the most basic level, so that we can create innovative technologies and improve our quality of life. We also appreciate her tireless mentorship of the next generation of researchers.” (4)

It is fitting, therefore, to mention that in September last year, we heard how Physicist Adam Kaufman of NIST was awarded the 2023 New Horizons in Physics Prize from the Breakthrough Prize Foundation (5,6) for his work to advance the control of molecules and atoms to make quantum information processing and atomic clocks better.

“Adam’s work has opened new possibilities for quantum physics, for atomic clocks and more, and we are proud to see his accomplishments recognized,” Under Secretary Locascio said. “This award recognizes not only his scientific achievements, but how those achievements have already advanced the research of others in this field. I am confident there are many more scientific breakthroughs in his future.” (6)

Quantum information science & other research

It seems appropriate to conclude this article by noting that Under Secretary Locascio was accepted into the National Academy of Engineering in February, one of the highest professional honours an engineer can achieve. Locascio leads NIST’s collaboration with academia, industry and government to unlock American innovation through technology, measurement, and standards advancement.

Locascio’s key priority is successfully implementing the $50 billion CHIPS for America initiative to revitalise and strengthen American leadership in semiconductor development, research and manufacturing. Locascio works to expand and advance NIST’s work in critical emerging technologies such as quantum information, but also science, biotechnology, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity and privacy, energy, plus advanced communications.

Finally, Locascio advocates for NIST’s continued role in promoting federal and international standards that help ensure U.S. technology leadership and economic competitiveness. (7) The work of America’s oldest physical science laboratories continues creating vital measurement solutions and advancing just standards. (1)